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Black Stories, White Eyes

Naturelle · 32 · 11706

Naturelle

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By Sandile Memela:
This year marks the 20th anniversary of Spike Lee’s film-making career.

To those who do not know him, he is the first African-American to make it big in Hollywood, if you like.

Lee produced and directed films like School Daze, Do the Right Thing, Malcolm X and, my best movie, Bedazzled.

Of course, he has got other works.

I found myself thinking about him because when he broke into the international spotlight, he refused to be interviewed by white journalists.

That was big news that a black man could decline media interviews and exposure by white global forces that had appropriated the right to define what other people represented and meant.

If one can paraphrase him, Spike Lee said: “No white man is going to interview me and thus define me because he does not understand me. When he thinks he does, he wants to change me to be what he wants me to be.”

Yes, those are not his exact words but that was the sentiment.

According to Lee, whites lack an intuitive connection to the black condition and just do not understand the black situation.

I guess one should intervene here to point out that white is not race or colour but, specifically, referring to history, culture and state of mind.

I had the privilege to be invited to interview him when he visited the country to film and promote Malcolm X in the early 1990s but for some reason, the interview did not take place.

I have been thinking about Spike because his stance has an important lesson for South African creative intellectuals who are black.

Unless they adopt the Lee stance, they are allowing their history to be written by other people who do not understand them.

You see, those who write newspaper profiles, features and reviews about the black aesthetics, for instance, control the future because that will be tomorrow’s history and heritage.

We cannot ignore the single most important truth about South Africa: local whites don’t know blacks, let alone their condition.

I know you may charge that this is an unfair generalization but when it comes to the black reality whites are foreigners.

What they speak about, know or write in their newspapers is mostly an illusion or a perpetuation of a racist stereotype.

My big question is: why do blacks allow whites to be the judges, reviewers and critics who give the final word on the black aesthetic and condition or what makes it tick when they know absolutely nothing about it?

Of course, it is not enough to say this is a vicious legacy of apartheid and racism where whites are so superior that they continue to pronounce their ignorance about the black condition and it is taken as gospel truth, especially by the black themselves.

I think black creative intellectuals must put a stop to this!

Part of putting a stop to this lies in asking the question: why are there no African critics to review and critic works by black creative intellectuals?

Now, as far as I am concerned, it is not a mistake that there are no black critics.

Someone else may even be right to say that there is no culture of criticism in South Africa which is permeated by fake consensus on critical issues.

But the absence of black critics is a deliberate creation of the bourgeoisie existence to perpetuate a situation where whites are the expert ones who tell us what is black and what is not.

In fact, whites and their cohorts have retained the power and monopoly not only to redefine blackness but to reinvent it in the white image.

It is the coolest to be what Steve Biko called a non-white – white soul and culture in a black skin - in South Africa today.

As I have said, those who review plays by Aubrey Sekhabi, Martin Koboekae, Mbongeni Ngema and James Ngcobo in the present control the future in that they are writing African history.

If blacks want to control both their past and future they must, like Spike Lee, insist that blacks be given preference, space and time to review their creative output.

If they do not, blacks should not be surprised in the next 50 years when their history is viewed through white lenses and is presented from a white jaundiced perspective.

I want to believe that one of the major aims of the struggle was cultural self-determination.

Unfortunately, there is far too little of that in both cultural journalism and the creative industries.

It is a problem that needs a Spike Lee approach.

As Albert Einsten said: “We cannot solve old problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.”




Naturelle

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I'm sure the journs on the forum have been following this debate over the past few weeks. This latest response follows on after the entertainment writer from INL wrote in to say no one taught us how to be critics.
I find this very interesting especially at this point where I know I'll be having to prove myself to a big shot media caucasian male when I start going to interviews.

I have 3 questions to ask:
Does Ca**andra still work at Sunday Times?
Who is Barry Ronge's 'black' counterpart?
What do you think of Fred Khumalo?


the panic!

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motho

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I'm sure the journs on the forum have been following this debate over the past few weeks.

no. care to enlighten us?
"your real calibre is measured by your consideration and tolerance of others"


Dpleezy

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Why use a quote from a white man to illustrate the point?
« Last Edit: August 26, 2009, 10:42:37 AM by Dpleezy »


the panic!

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since when did a filmmaker give a f*** about a critic?

that aside, though, there needs to be more criticism done in indigenous languages. not only for the obvious advantage of a wider reach, but also to incorporate African ways of thinking about story-telling.

and art.

of which, there are millions.

not that white people shouldn't write. they should. i mean, why not? as long as there's more than one way to view the damn thing then i'm pleased, since - as a man with a mind of my own - i'll easily be able to discard what's non-sense and keep what's real.

if there's permeability and plurality in criticism then i'm all for it. it shouldn't really be white or black, since African cinema is technically white and black.

like me (mentally, both and neither at the same time).
« Last Edit: August 26, 2009, 10:58:20 AM by the panic! »


Naturelle

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I'm sure the journs on the forum have been following this debate over the past few weeks.

no. care to enlighten us?


Its all started with this piece:
Zijikile izinto: change has come

By Sandile Memela:
The role of the artist in nation-building is to represent the people in speaking truth to power.

We have, in a figurative sense, long arrived at a point of no return. This was in December 2007 in Polokwane.

“Zijikile izinto,” as they put it. Things have changed, at least, at political leadership level.

African people, especially members of the oldest and most powerful ruling party in the continent, the African National Congress had an opportunity to direct this nation in a new path.

The struggle over the last 352 years or so has always been about one thing and one thing only: the cultural self-determination of the African people.

It is the inherent cultural right of the people to decide who they are, how they live and the goals they want to reach for themselves.

Put in another way, the aspirations and hopes of those who went before has always been to create a political system where African people, themselves, will decide policy on the identity of the country, definition of social relations, redistribution of wealth, ownership of the land, eradication of white racism.

The primary purpose has always been to nurture a new spirit of national unity and build social cohesion that would contribute to the creation of a new non-racial, just and equal society.

Over the last 17 years, since the release of Nelson Mandela from Robben Island, we have done pretty well for a people who have no clear definition of what constitutes national culture except for anything goes attitude that has fused the European, African and Asian strands.

What lies behind us, now, are tiny matters compared to what lies ahead of us.

These are exciting times, indeed, especially for creative intellectuals who are intuitively connected to the spirit of the gra**roots people.

So, where do we go, now, after the ANC’s 52nd Congress in Polokwane in December 2007?

The events of the last two years, especially, should provide an optimistic, rose-colored evidence of the importance and relevance of joining community-based cultural and political structures to determine what happens in the future.

The challenge remains to be to produce or deliver material and spiritual benefits for the African majority, primarily.

Of course, this does not exclude other groups like so-called whites, Indians or Coloureds who will always be significant members of the population.

But the national imperative is to be seen to reconstruct the confidence of African people to take charge of their own lives to play a meaningful role and integrate into the South African cultural mainstream, above all.

The solutions to achieve this are quiet simple, if you think about it.

Forget about the over-exaggerated Rainbow Nation or globalization that promotes a free for all culture that does not make it clear that we are an African nation.

This is a media-created spectacle to distract the ‘want mores’ from dealing with pertinent issues, especially of identity and heritage that will inspire pride among the ‘have nots’ who have absolutely nothing but themselves.

First, the economics and politics of culture of this country are, historically, based on racial inequality, injustice and exploitation.

Unfortunately, the private corporations and their few ‘have little’ beneficiaries are resistant to change and refuse to transform.

Now, should creative intellectuals take a Samson-like action and pull down the structures of society or work towards creating conditions that will force the private sector ‘haves’ to respond?

There is no doubt that we have to address issues of cultural monopolisation, exploitation and deprivation, economic injustice and cla** inequality. Artists have every right to demand fundamental change in the cultural sector. But that needs to be done in a responsible way.

Secondly, artists from every race, cla**, culture and politics have got to strengthen the ties that bind them.

Over the last 17 years, especially, their familial and community networks have weakened simply because everybody is looking up to government, especially the Minister of Arts & Culture to deliver manna from heaven with no help from the sector, especially artists themselves.

This is what has resulted in the splinter of artistic groups and disorganisation because of squabbling over government grants, tenders and everything else that money can buy.

The biggest challenge is to organize the artistic community into an active and influential power-bloc. It is important for creative intellectuals to remain united and espouse a philosophy of “one human family.”

Of course, this does not mean espousing a glib Rainbow Nation or globalization gospel that is going to gloss over the impact and legacy of colonialism and apartheid and downplay the need for indigenous people to be equal partners in the land of their birth.

Our artists have to build solid structures guided by the timeless principles of “unity is strength.”

Of course, this must be based on the constitutional foundation of reconciliation, non-racism, non-sexism and equality.

Third, the artistic super elite that have become the toast of the global community must be cautioned against entertaining the idea that everything begins and stops with them. It is a good thing that we have individuals, casts and groups that have gained a foothold on the international stage and are rewarded with prestigious awards.

But they need to be reminded that what they have accrued is the result of the struggle of countless and unknown heroic artists who have given blood, sweat and tears to get us where we are to open doors of opportunity.

It is time we see more artists humble themselves and take active steps that will see that the playing field is levelled. Yes, they can plough back to their community by signing up for membership of South African Creative Workers Union, for instance.

Of course, they do need to turn themselves into agents of what they want to see happen in the fraternity.

Finally, after Polokwane, we seem to have elected a political leadership that promises to recreate a participatory democratic culture that will, inevitably, strengthen connection with people on the ground.

There is always an urgent need for the leadership to re-organize, mobilize and reconnect with the core gra**roots community.

The cultural and political super elites’ preoccupation to integrate into an unjust world economic world order neither serves the interests of the African humanity nor of artists, themselves.

In fact, it threatens peace and stability that has been attained after almost 353 years of struggle.

If read correctly, the events of Polokwane seem to suggest that we are going back to the dynamism of the 1980s of participatory democracy. The people shall govern!

Of course, the cla**ic top-down hierarchical tradition of apartheid reformers was destined to fail.

If our artists want to remain relevant and help, they must return to the gra**roots.

It is only then that the voice of the artists becomes the voice of the people.





Naturelle

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Then Mary Corrigall, said this below: Then two other journalists retorted. The first one posted in this thread is the latest response from Sandile Memela.

An African critic speaks out

By Mary Corrigall:
There are few in the theatre and arts journalism fraternities who would deny that transformation in these industries has been inadequate.

It is, therefore, particularly unfortunate that in trying to address this pertinent issue Sandile Memela only serves to emphasise his own prejudice and ignorance rather than attempt to resolve the problem in a constructive manner.

Memela bemoans the lack of “African” critics and the demise of “African” theatre as if the designation only refers to those with darker skins. In this way Memela implies that Africaness is a visible physical marker of identity rather than a birthright or state of mind/worldview. Thus from Memela’s biased view white critics do not count as “Africans”. One would have thought that in his drive to bring about transformation in arts journalism and the theatre industry he would have avoided to employ such prejudiced and fixed notions of identity which only serve to perpetuate racial prejudice.

“Nobody has the authority to be a self-appointed spokesperson for Africans in the arts,” a**erts Memela, implying that supposedly “non-African” journalists should not report on what he terms “African” expression. Certainly there are a number of arts journalists who are unqualified to critique theatre productions, however, anyone with a solid tertiary education in African literature, visuals arts or drama or anyone who is au fait with the critical discourses inherent to those disciplines has every right to express their views on “Africans in the arts”. In fact according to our constitution this is a non-negotiable right.

Memela’s beef should be with media owners and editors who frequently appoint culture editors and writers who only possess a perfunctory understanding of the arts. Arts writing is the most marginalised and undervalued form of journalism. Why is it that in other specialised areas of journalism such as sports and financial writing it is deemed unthinkable to procure the services of writers who do not possess an in depth understanding of their field of specialisation whereas in arts journalism it appears to be perfectly acceptable? This is a trend that Memela should be most concerned with as well as the shrinking ‘column space’ for arts reports. These actualities not only have an impact on existing arts journalists but on those who will or should be entering this sphere of journalism: limited opportunities and low standards of arts writing are not ideal conditions to foster new voices. Given Memela’s reverence for Zingi Mkefa it is surprising that he hasn’t noticed that his arts and culture beat has been reduced substantially, almost to the point that Mkefa’s insights have become negligible.

Memela should implore media owners and editors to rethink their policies on arts journalism and encourage them to groom new writers (of all creeds) but instead of offering concrete solutions Memela then shifts his critical gaze to the country’s theatre fraternity, which he perceives to be “pa**ivist”.

He claims that there are also no dominant “African” voices in the theatre. It is quite obvious from Memela’s observations that he rarely frequents the theatre. For if he did visit the theatre frequently not only would he realise that the supposed “African elite” do in fact patronise the theatre but there are a quite a number of “African” practitioners who are producing compelling “African” products. Mike Van Graan, Napo Masheane, Fatima Dike, Martin Koboekae, Aubrey Sekhabi, Mpumelelo Paul Grootboom, Nadia Davids and Ntshieng Mokgoro are just a few of the playwrights who are redefining “African” theatre whilst articulating the concerns of our diverse society. Or do all these cultural producers not measure up to his narrow view of what constitutes an “African”? That Memelo fails to even mention some of these luminaries in his unreflective diatribe not only draws attention to his obvious ignorance but, most importantly, the manner in which he is dismissive of their value and contribution to theatre in this country.

It also seems to escape Memela’s attention that almost every major theatre in Gauteng is managed by what he terms an “African”. The “Pieter Toerien, Richard Loring, Barney Simon and Athol Fugard’s legacy” ended a long time ago: it is a pity that Memela has yet to notice. Besides, if Memela was so concerned about transformation in the theatre fraternity why has he not exploited his position at the Department of Arts and Culture to bring about shifts in policy that would have helped readdress the power imbalances in the theatre industry?

Without a doubt a less contrived form of black empowerment in the theatre fraternity and, especially, in arts journalism needs to be addressed – no one disputes that fact. Nevertheless if Memela’s writing is supposed to be an example of the kind of “African” critical discourse that he believes is lacking then silence might be a more preferable outcome.

Mary Corrigall, an African art critic.



Capt Schti

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I have 3 questions to ask:
Does Ca**andra still work at Sunday Times?
Who is Barry Ronge's 'black' counterpart?
What do you think of Fred Khumalo?


1. No. City Press now.
2. Yes, the Admiral* 
3. Corny   



*nothing to see here. 
"I just want to enter my house justified" Bloody Sam


The Angry Hand of God

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I have 3 questions to ask:
Does Ca**andra still work at Sunday Times?
Who is Barry Ronge's 'black' counterpart?
What do you think of Fred Khumalo?


1. No. City Press now.
2. Yes, the Admiral* 
3. Corny   
*nothing to see here. 

Can't believe I'm agreeing with the Captain on this.

Is that Admiral Black though? Would he also not be allowed to interview black folks if this situation were to go down?




the panic!

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I think the area where these writers seem to misunderstand each other is the definition of what constitutes an african. I for one do not believe in the existance of a white African.Mary Corrigall however does not seem to share the same belief.

Writers have long been tip-toeing aroung this issue for the sake of being politically correct, God forbid we upset the white poeple by making it clear to them that just because you were born here does not automatically make you an African,Your roots can always be traced back to some cold country with shitty weather all year.
Real Recognise Real


Touareg

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By the way listening and playing Reggae/Ragga, Hanging around rastafarians in places were black poeple hangout and Nyamming black chicks does not make you Black Cpt.
Real Recognise Real


The Angry Hand of God

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I think the area where these writers seem to misunderstand each other is the definition of what constitutes an african. I for one do not believe in the existance of a white African.Mary Corrigall however does not seem to share the same belief.

Writers have long been tip-toeing aroung this issue for the sake of being politically correct, God forbid we upset the white poeple by making it clear to them that just because you were born here does not automatically make you an African,Your roots can always be traced back to some cold country with shitty weather all year.

What about coloured people? Tell us what you think about them. we are really interested.




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these race threads never lead anywhere...
any honest remarks will be denounced in favour of 'rainbow nation' mythology.
one of these days,we gotta go deep into those ugly cracks and crevices we avoid and expose them to the light,then everyone will be having the same conversation.
when things remain unsaid,some people will never relate or truly engage.
You are your best thing! - Toni Morrison (Beloved)